By adopting the theoretical perspectives of strategy-as-practice and sense-making, this study explored micro-level social activity in a particular context. As implementers of strategic decisions emanating from the upper echelons in public healthcare, junior doctors are confronted with the realities of deliberate, intended strategic policy decisions in their daily practice. The study focused on front-line lower-level employees at the periphery as opposed to the traditional focus on top and middle management. The micro-level activity, explored across multiple public hospitals in South Africa as an emerging economy, was the study context.
A qualitative phenomenological study within an interpretive constructivist approach was adopted in two phases (e-interviews and face-to-face interviews). Cross-sectional data was gathered from 16 healthcare practitioners doing their internship and community service. An inductive grounded approach through iterative, co-coding digital analysis techniques contributed to a thematic content analysis which informed the findings of the study.
The findings contribute to an understanding of strategising to reconceptualise how strategising emerges from patterned phronetic practices by peripheral organisational actors who are not usually considered strategists. The findings are that peripheral organisational actors employ unintentional strategising through accumulated, everyday, tacit practices in a bottom-up dwelling perspective through retrospective embodied sense-making to cohere contextual complexity in practice. A further finding is that peripheral organisational actors employ cognitive and emotional appraisal through embodied sense-making to influence and shape retrospective sense-making of mid-level contextual factors. Lastly, prospective sense-making manifests through consequential suggesting from patterned phronetic retrospective sense-making, especially of socio-material artefacts.
The study expands knowledge on strategising and the consequences of unintentional strategising in practice from peripheral organisational actors using sense-making through an SAP perspective, as well as strategy processes and practices, and strategy-in-practice perspectives. Additionally, sense-making becomes utilitarian in its contribution to the body of knowledge on micro retrospective, prospective and
embodied sense-making of mid-level contextual factors and macro strategic decisions by peripheral organisational actors.
Deur die teoretiese perspektiewe van strategie-as-praktyk en sinvorming aan te neem, het hierdie studie mikro-vlak sosiale aktiwiteit in ’n spesifieke konteks ondersoek. Junior dokters, as implementeerders van strategiese besluite wat uit die hoër range in openbare gesondheidsorg kom, word in hulle daaglikse praktyk met die realiteite van doelbewuste, beoogde strategiese beleidsbesluite gekonfronteer. Die studie het gefokus op frontlinie-laervlak-werknemers aan die periferie in teenstelling met die tradisionele fokus op top- en middelvlakbestuur. Die mikrovlak-aktiwiteit, wat in verskeie openbare hospitale in Suid-Afrika as ’n opkomende ekonomie ondersoek is, was die studiekonteks.
’n Kwalitatiewe fenomenologiese studie binne ’n vertolkende konstruktivistiese benadering is in twee fases aangeneem (e-onderhoude en persoonlike onderhoude). Deursnee-data is ingesamel by 16 gesondheidsorgpraktisyns wat hulle internskap en gemeenskapsdiens gedoen het. ’n Induktiewe, gegronde benadering deur middel van iteratiewe, ko-koderende digitale analisetegnieke het bygedra tot ’n tematiese inhoudsanalise wat die bevindinge van die studie beïnvloed het.
Die bevindinge dra by tot ’n begrip van strategisering om te herkonseptualiseer hoe strategisering voortspruit uit gepatroneerde fronetiese praktyke deur perifere organisatoriese akteurs wat nie gewoonlik as strateë beskou word nie. Die bevindinge is dat perifere organisatoriese akteurs onopsetlike strategisering gebruik deur opgehoopte, alledaagse, stilswyende praktyke in ’n onder-na-bo-woonperspektief deur retrospektiewe beliggaamde sinvorming om kontekstuele kompleksiteit in die praktyk saam te hang. ’n Verdere bevinding is dat perifere organisatoriese akteurs kognitiewe en emosionele waardering deur middel van beliggaamde sinvorming gebruik om retrospektiewe sinvorming van middelvlak- kontekstuele faktore te beïnvloed en te vorm. Laastens manifesteer prospektiewe sinvorming deur gevolglike voorstel van gepatroneerde fronetiese retrospektiewe sinvorming, veral van sosio-materiële artefakte.
Die studie brei kennis oor strategisering en die gevolge van onbedoelde strategisering uit van perifere organisatoriese akteurs deur sinvorming deur ’n SAP-perspektief,
sowel as strategieprosesse en -praktyke en strategie-in-praktyk-perspektiewe. Daarbenewens word sinvorming utilitaristies in sy bydrae tot die kennisbasis oor mikro-retrospektiewe, prospektiewe en beliggaamde sinvorming van middelvlak- kontekstuele faktore en makro-strategiese besluite deur perifere organisatoriese akteurs.
Olu phando-nzulu luphonononga umsebenzi wecandelo elithile loluntu lusebenzisa iimbono zethiyori zokucwangcisa okungumsebenzi kwakunye nokunika ingqiqo. Oogqirha abakwinqanaba elisezantsi ngabo abamilisela izigqibo ezinobuchule ezicwangciswa ngabo babaphetheyo kwicandelo lezempilo likarhulumente, ngoko ke mihla le bahlangabezana ngqo neziphumo ezingangxengwanga zezi zigqibo zemigaqo-nkqubo ezenziwe ngabaphathi. Olu phando-nzulu lugxininise kubasebenzi abakumanqanaba asezantsi, alujoliswanga kubaphathi abaphakathi nabaphezulu njengoko kuhlala kusenzeka. Owona mxholo wolu phando-nzulu ngumsebenzi owenziwa ngabasebenzi abakwinqanaba elisezantsi kuzo zonke izibhedlele zikarhulumente eziseMzantsi Afrika nobonwa njengoqoqosho olusakhulayo.
Kwenziwe uphando-nzulu lomgangatho lwezinto ezenzekayo ngendlela echazayo neyakhayo, oluzigaba zibini (udliwano-ndlebe lwe-intanethi kunye nodliwano-ndlebe ngqo ubuso ngobuso). Ingcombolo iqokelelwe kumagosa ezempilo ali-16 avela kumacandelo awohlukeneyo aqeqeshelwa umsebenzi kunye nalawo akwinkqubo yokunika uluntu iinkonzo. Indlela emiliselwe ekufundiseni ngokuphindaphinda, neenkqubo zohlalutyo lwedijithali lokukhowuda kwakhona zibe negalelo kuhlalutyo lomxholo oluncedise ngamandla kwiziphumo zolu phando-nzulu.
Iziphumo zinegalelo ekuqondeni izicwangciso zengcamango yendlela ekuvela ngayo ukucwangcisa kwizinto zephronetiki ezilungelelanisiweyo ezenziwa ngabasebenzi beziko abakumanqanaba asezantsi abangathatyathwa njengabantu abaziingcali. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba abasebenzi abakumanqanaba asezantsi kumaziko basebenzisa ubuchule bengaqondanga yonke imihla xa besenza imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla kwiinkalo abasebenzela kuzo, besebenzisa ingqiqo equlathiweyo neyokubuyel’ umva ukuze kuconjululwe ukuntsokotha komsebenzi. Esinye isiphumo sibonisa ukuba abasebenzi abakumanqanaba asezantsi kwiziko basebenzisa uvandlakanyo lwengqondo nolweemvakalelo ngengqiqo equlethweyo ukuze baphembelele yaye babumbe ukwenziwa kwengqiqo kwizinto ezikwinqanaba
eliphakathi. Okokugqibela, ukwenziwa kwengqiqo okulindelekileyo kuvela kwiimbono ezinesiphumo ezilungelelanisiweyo zephronetiki ebuyela umva yokwenza ingqiqo, ingakumbi kwizinto eziphathekayo zoluntu.
Olu phando-nzulu lutyebisa ulwazi malunga nokucwangcisa nangeziphumo zokucwangcisa ngokungazimiselanga okwenziwa ngabasebenzi abakumanqanaba asezantsi besebenzisa ukwenziwa kwengqiqo ngendlela yeSAP, kwakunye neenkqubo zocwangciso nemisebenzi kunye neendlela zokucwangcisa okungumsebenzi. Ngaphaya koko, ukwenza ingqiqo kuba luncedo xa kufakwe kulwazi lokwenza ingqiqo okuncinane okubuyel’ umva, okulindelweyo nokuqulethweyo kwakunye nokwenza ingqiqo okuqulethweyo kwizinto ezikwinqanaba eliphakathi kwakunye nezigqibo ezikhulu ezinobuchule ezenziwa ngabasebenzi abakumanqanaba asezantsi.
