Exploring the management of the practical component in the hospitality national certificate vocational programme at a TVET college in KwaZulu-Natal

Abstract

This study explored how TVET lecturers manage the practical component of the Hospitality National Certificate (Vocational) programme at selected TVET colleges in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The exploration was motivated by persistent concerns about the disconnection between theoretical instruction and practical training in vocational education, and the implications this has for graduate competence and employability. Given the centrality of practical training in Hospitality education, the study sought to examine how practical components are implemented, assessed, and supported within TVET institutions. A qualitative research approach was adopted within an interpretivist paradigm, using an exploratory case study design. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews with eight (8) purposively selected participants, comprising Hospitality senior lecturers and Heads of Department from selected campuses offering the Hospitality programme. Purposive sampling was employed to ensure that participants had direct experience in managing and implementing the practical component. The data were analysed thematically to identify patterns related to the management, delivery, and assessment of practical training. The findings revealed that, although lecturers recognise the importance of practical training in developing vocational competence, its effective implementation is constrained by systemic and institutional challenges. These include limited resources, inadequate training facilities, time pressures and assessment practices that prioritise compliance over authentic skill development. Lecturers employed adaptive strategies to mitigate these challenges; however, such practices were largely informal and unsustainable. The study concluded that strengthened institutional support, improved resourcing and closer alignment between theory, practice and assessment are essential for enhancing graduate work readiness within the TVET Hospitality programme.