The prevention and control of occupational-related human error accidents and incidents in the Passenger Rail Service in Durban KwaZulu-Natal

Abstract

This study examined the prevention of occupational-related human error accidents and incidents in the passenger railway service in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. The purpose was to investigate the factors that contribute to such occurrences and to design a framework that supports prevention within the passenger railway service in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. This study focused on the everyday realities of employees and how these shaped safety outcomes. A qualitative research approach was adopted, guided by the interpretivism paradigm and an inductive approach. A phenomenological research design was used to obtain participants' views. Non-probability sampling method, specifically purposive sampling, was employed to identify participants with direct operational experience. Twelve participants, comprising train drivers and train control officers, participated in semi-structured interviews that used open-ended questions. This method created a space to record participants' experiences, personal insights, and professional perspectives. The thematic analysis technique was utilised to analyse data using Atlas.ti version 24 software. The findings revealed a range of risks that created unsafe working conditions and the factors contributing to human error accidents and incidents within the passenger railway in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. These include faulty equipment, poor communication systems, and signalling system failures. Participants further highlighted negligence, non-compliance with rules and regulations, stress, and fatigue as contributing factors to human error accidents and incidents. Discrepancies in the knowledge of the OHSA No 85 of 1993 and the COID Act No. 130 of 1993 were also identified. The study developed the Human Error Incident and Accident Prevention Framework. The framework focuses on individual, organisational, and job-related factors, as well as regulatory compliance and continuous improvement. The study contributes to academic knowledge by extending occupational safety research within the South African railway context. It also provides practical recommendations, including enhanced training and communication systems, stricter regulatory enforcement, and fatigue management to reduce human error-related incidents.

Lesi sifundo sicwaninge ukuvimba izingozi ezenzeka ngamaphutha abantu ezihambisana nomsebenzi kanye nezigameko ezenzeka kwizitimela zabagibeli eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal. Inhloso bekuwukuphenya ngezinto ezibe nomthelela ezenzakalweni ezinjalo kanye nokuklama uhlaka lokweseka ukuvimba izingozi zezitimela zabagibeli eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal. Lesi sifundo sigxile ezimweni zangempela zansuku zonke zabasebenzi nokuthi lezi zilolonga kanjani imiphumela yokuphepha. Kwamukelwa indlela yocwaningo lwemicabango nemibono yabantu, eqondiswa yi-interpretivism paradigm kanye nendlela yokufundisa. Indlela yocwaningo lwe-phenomenological yasetshenziswa ukuthola imibono yababambiqhaza. Kusetshenziswe indlela yamasampula okungewona amathuba, ikakhulukazi amasampula anenhloso, yasetshenziswa ukuze kuhlonzwe ababambiqhaza abanolwazi oluqondile lokusebenza. Ababambiqhaza abayishumi nambili, okuhlanganisa abashayeli bezitimela nabahleli bemizila yezitimela, babambe iqhaza ezingxoxweni ezazinesakhiwo esincane ezisebenzisa imibuzo evulekile. Le ndlela idale ithuba lokuqoqa ulwazi kwababambiqhaza, imininingwane yomuntu siqu kanye nemibono yobungcweti. Indlela yokuhlaziya itimu yasetshenziswa ukuhlaziya idatha kusetshenziswa isofthiwe yenguqulo 24 ye-Atlas.ti. Lokhu okutholakele kuveze uxhaxha lwezingcuphe ezidale izimo zokusebenza ezingaphephile, kanye nezimbangela ezinomthelela ezingozini zamaphutha abantu kanye nezigameko ezitimeleni zabagibeli eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal. Lokhu kufaka izinsiza ezingalungile, izinhlelo zokuxhumana ezingezinhle kanye nokwehluleka kwesistimu yokubonisa izimpawu. Ababambiqhaza baphinde bagqamisa ubudedengu, ukungahambisani nemithetho nemithethongqubo, ingcindezi nokukhathala njengezinto ezinomthelela ezingozini zamaphutha kanye nezigameko. Ukwehluka kolwazi loMthetho we-OHS 85 ka-1993 kanye noMthetho we-COID 130 ka-1993 nakho kuhlonziwe. Ucwaningo lwenze iSigameko Sephutha Lomuntu (i-Human Error Incident) kanye noHlaka Lokuvimbela Ingozi (i-Accident Prevention Framework). Lolu hlaka lumiswe ngokubheka umuntu ngamunye, inkampani, nezimbangela eziphathelene nomsebenzi, ukulandelwa kwemithetho kanye nokuhlala kwenziwa kangcono. Isifundo sinomthelela olwazini lwezemfundo ngokwandisa ucwaningo lwezokuphepha kwezimo zokusebenza kwezitimela eNingizimu Afrika. Iphinde inikeze izincomo ezisebenzayo, okufaka ukuqeqeshwa okuthuthukisiwe nezinhlelo zokuxhumana, ukumiswa kwemithetho eqinile kanye nokulawulwa kokukhathala ukuze kuncishiswe izigameko ezihambiselana namaphutha abantu

Phuputso ena e hlahlobile thibelo ya dikotsi tse amanang le diphoso tse etswang ke batho mosebetsing le diketsahalo tsa tshebeletsong ya diterene tse tsamaisang bapalami Durban, KwaZulu-Natala. Sepheo e ne e le ho batlisisa ka mabaka a bapalang karolo diketsahalong tse jwalo le ho rala moralo o tshehetsang thibelo ya tsona tshebeletsong ya diterene tse tsamaisang batho Durban, KwaZulu-Natala. Phuputso ena e ne e tsepamisitse mohopolo diketsahalong tsa nnete tsa letsatsi le leng le le leng tseo basebetsi ba kopanang le tsona le kamoo di bopang diphetho tsa polokeho. Ho sebedisitswe patlisiso e entsweng ketsahalong ya nnete ya batho/dintho tse fuputswang eo diphetho tsa yona e leng tsa nnete tse sa akaretswang, ka tataiso ya ho tshwara diinthaviu le ho sheba ditsela tseo ho sebetswang ka tsona ho utlwisisa botebo ba diketsahalo le mokgwa wa ho etsa dipatlisiso ka ho nka diqeto ka diketsahalo tse itseng le ho tla ka mohopolo/theori e ntjha e akaretsang boemo ba ketsahalo e fupuditsweng. Ho fumana maikutlo a bankakarolo ba patlisiso, ho sebedisitswe mofuta wa patlisiso eo sepheo sa yona e leng ho hlalosa dintho ho ya kamoo batho ba di bonang ka teng le ho utlwisisa maikutlo a bona. Bankakarolo ba kgethilwe ho ya ka dipehelo le sepheo se itseng se jwalo ka tsebo, bokgoni le kutlwisiso kapa boitemohelo bo fihletsweng ka ho bona diketsahalo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le kgonahalo ya ho fana ka dikarabo tse lebelletsweng, ho na le ho kgethwa feela. Bankakarolo ba leshome le metso e mmedi, ba kenyeletsang bakganni ba terene le diofisiri tse laolang terene, ba nkile karolo dipotsong tse kgothalletsang dikarabo tse hlalosang boemo ka botlalo ka mantswe a bona. Mokgwa ona o hlahisitse sebaka sa ho ngola diketsahalo tseo bankakarolo ba fetileng ho tsona, dikutlwisiso tsa motho ka mong le maikutlo a bona leetong leo ba le tsamaileng. Mokgwa wa ho hlahloba lesedi le bolelang ka mehopolo le maikutlo a bankakarolo o sebedisitswe ho manolla datha ho sebediswa lenaneo la khomphyutha la Atlas.ti la kgatiso ya 24. Lesedi le fumanweng le bontshitse mefuta ya dikotsi e hlahisitseng maemo a sa bolokehang a ho sebetsa, mmoho le dintho tse bakang dikotsi tse hlahang ka lebaka la diphoso tse etswang ke batho le diketsahalo tsa tshebeletsong ya diterene tse tsamaisang bapalami Durban, KwaZulu-Natala. Dintho tsena di kenyeletsa disebediswa tse sa sebetseng ka tshwanelo, mekgwa e fokolang ya ho fetisa lesedi le sistimi e hlolehang ho bontsha moo ho nang le phoso. Ho feta moo, bankakarolo ba hatelletse taba ya tshebediso e bohlaswa, ho se etse dintho ho ya ka melao le dipehelo tse behilweng, kgatello ya maikutlo le mokgathala e le dintho tse bapalang karolo dikotsing le diketsahalong tse bang teng ka lebaka la diphoso vi tse etswang ke batho. Ho hlwailwe le diphapang tse sa lebellwang kapa tse sa utlwisiseheng tsa Molao wa OHS wa 85 wa selemo sa 1993 le Molao wa COID wa 130 selemong sa 1993. Phuputso e hlahisitse Moralotshebetso wa Ho thibela Ketsahalo le Kotsi e hlahang ka lebaka la Phoso ya Motho. Moralo ona wa tshebetso o tsepamisitswe dinthong tse amang motho ka mong, mokgatlo le mosebetsi, mmoho le ho phethahatsa ho ya ka melao le dipehelo le ho tswela pele ho ntlafatsa tshebetso. Phuputso e tlatsetsa leseding la thuto le hlahisitsweng le ho fetiswa diinstitusheneng tsa thuto ka ho atolosa patlisiso ya polokeho mosebetsing ho ya ka kutlwisiso ya tshebetso ya diterene Aforika Borwa. E fana le ka dikgothalletso tse ka kgonang ho sebediswa, tse kenyeletsang thupello le mekgwa e ntlafaditsweng ya ho fetisa lesedi, ho tiisa letsoho phethahatsong ya melao le dipehelo le mokgwa o hlophisitsweng wa ho hlwaya, ho hlahloba le ho qoba dikotsi tsa ho kgathala kelello le mmele mosebetsing ho fokotsa diketsahalo tse amanang le diphoso tse etswang ke batho.