Influence of labour relations on organisational performance of selected public sector institutions in Ghana

Abstract

This study explores how labour relations, specifically collective bargaining, trade unionism, and dispute resolution, influence organisational performance in Ghana's public sector. Purposive sampling and a case study design were used in this qualitative study to collect data from 37 participants comprising of Ghanaian public sector employees (16), trade union representatives (10), and labour relations officials (11) across 15 public sector institutions. The researcher gathered data through interviews and conducted thematic and content analysis. The findings show differing opinions about how collective bargaining might improve performance in the public sector. While some participants stated that recent pay increases and agreements on health, safety, and employee rights demonstrate how collective bargaining has improved working conditions and employee morale, others pointed to leadership self-interest and limited motivational outcomes as obstacles to increased effectiveness. As a result, the influence of collective bargaining is regarded as moderate. The study also emphasises labour unionism's positive and negative aspects. Despite having secured benefits for their members, unions' impact on overall organisational performance is undermined by challenges including mandatory membership, restricted welfare support, and perceived self-serving activity. The study also reveals that although there are dispute resolution procedures in place, their efficacy is hampered by issues including lack of funding and restricted access to the National Labour Commission, which leads to a rise in strikes and a decline in morale. In conclusion, Ghana's labour relations framework has made some headway in enhancing the performance of the public sector, but there are still many obstacles to overcome. The study recommends addressing psycho-social needs in collective bargaining, improving logistical support, and using digital tools to improve labour relations. These actions could lead to a highly performing public sector in Ghana.