Nkambisiso wa ndzhundzuluko wa mipfumawulo na xivumbeko xa marito swa malombiwa eka Xitsonga [an investigation of the morphophonological structure of Xitsonga borrowed words]

Abstract

Vavulavuri va Xitsonga eAfrica-Dzonga i khale va ri karhi va tirhisana na vavulavuri van’wana va tindzimi tin’wana, naswona va lombanile marito leswaku ma kota ku hluvukisa ririmi ra Xitsonga. Xikongomelokulu xa ndzavisiso lowu i ku kambisisa ndzhundzuluko wa mipfumawulo na xivumbeko xa marito swa malombiwa eka Xitsonga hi ku kambisisa xileswi malombiwa ya tikhomisaka loko ya cinciwanyana leswaku ya landzelela milawu ya matsalelo na mapeletelo ya Xitsonga na nkucetelo lowu malombiwa ya nga na wona eka nhluvukiso wa Xitsonga. Thiyori leyi tirhisiwaka eka ndzavisiso lowu i Thiyori ya Ntekelelo wa Malombiwa. Nhlokomhaka ya ndzavisiso yi endliwile kusuka eka leswi thiyori leyi yi vulaka swona. Thiyori ya Ntekelelo wa Malombiwa (Loanword Adaptation Theory) i thiyori leyi kongomisaka eka leswi malombiwa kusuka eka ririmi rin’wana ku ya eka rin’wana ya cincisiwaka xiswona leswaku ya teka mipfuwawulo, xivumbeko xintshwa, mikarhi yin’wana na milawu ya matsalelo ya ririmikongomiso. Eka ndzavisiso lowu malombiwa ma hlengeletiwa hi ku tirhisa maendlelo ya khopasi lama ya nga ya nkoka eka ndzavisiso lowu wa nkoka. Swikumiwa swo sungula swa ndzavisiso i ku hambi leswi ku nga ri ku na milawu leyi nga tsariwa ehansi leyi kutekelela, thirasiliterexini na domesitikhexini hakanyingi swi endlisiwaka xiswona loko malombiwa ya Xitsonga ya nghisiwaka ku nga landzeleriwanga swihlawulekisi swa ririmi swa xivumbeko, fonoloji na matsalelo.

South African Xitsonga speakers have been interacting with other language speakers for a long time, and they have taken words from each other to create the Xitsonga lexicons. The study's primary goal is to investigate the morphophonological structure of Xitsonga borrowed words by examining how these words behave when modified to fit Xitsonga spelling and orthography and how borrowing has influenced Xitsonga development. Loanword Adaptation Theory is the theory that underpins the research. The research topic is grounded in the established ideas of this theory. Loanword adaptation theory explores how languages change borrowed words to fit the phonological, morphological, and semantic structures of the borrowing language. Corpus-Based method will be used as a data-gathering instrument for this qualitative study. Preliminary findings of the study are that although there are unwritten rules that adaptation, transliteration, or domestication normally occur when someone borrows from a language, there are cases where borrowed Xitsonga words have been domesticated without adhering to the language's morphological, phonological, and orthographic features.

ndzi rhandza ku khensa mikwembu ya ka hina hinkwayo na Xikwembu, mutumbuluxi wa tilo na misava na hinkwaswo leswi nga eka yona, ndzi ri vito ra wena a ri dzunisiwe! Hinkwaswo leswi ndzi swi fikeleleke ku ta fikela sweswi, a hi vutlhari bya mina, kambe i rirhandzo na tintswalo ta mikwembu na Xikwembu swa mina. Ku khensa ka mina a ku nge hetiseki loko ndzo tsandzeka ku khensa muleteri loyi a ndzi leteleke no ndzi khutaza eka gondzo leri ra mina. A nga ndzi helelanga mbilu hambi loko nkarhi wun’wana ndzi koka milenge. Ndza khensa Phrf Arnold Mushwana, Rinono. Ndzavisiso lowu wu ololokile na ku langutiseka no hlayeka hi ku olova hikokwalaho ka vuleteri bya n’wina. A ndzi na marito yo enela lama ndzi nga ya tirhisaka ku humesela ehandle matitwelo ya mina hinkwawo, hi leswi mi nga ndzi endlela swona evuton’wini bya mina ku nga ri ka ndzavisiso lowu ntsena. Hosi a yi mi engetelele masiku ya ku hanya mi kota ku pfuna van’wani ku ya emahlweni. Ndzi khensa na nghamu swinene hi nseketelo wa yena lowu ndzi tsandzekaka na ku wu pima. A hundzuka tatana eka vananga loko loko nkarhi wa mina wu kayivela eka vona ndzi karhi ndzi endla ndzavisiso lowu. Vananga, Muyimeri na Unahina ndza mi khensa na n’wina ku va mi kotile ku amukela leswaku rirhandzo ra tatana ra kayivela eka n’wina loko ndzi ri karhi ndzi endla ndzavisiso lowu. Vananga, ku dyondza a swi heli. Ndzi na ku pfumela leswaku mi ta landzelela mikondzo ya mina. Loko ndzo rivala ku khensa vurhangeri bya ‘Room to Read South Africa’ ku va va ndzi hlohloterile ku yisa tidyondzo ta mina emahlweni na valeteri hinkwavo kusuka eYunivhesiti ya Afrika-Dzonga lava na vona va hoxeke xandla eka ndzavisiso lowu, ndzi tava ndzi endla xihoxo. Ndza mikhensa swinene hinkwenu kusuka eka Ndzawulo ya Tindzimi ta XiAfrika. Ndzi ba mandla ndzi vuyelela!