https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4223 Wed, 06 May 2026 15:47:46 GMT 2026-05-06T15:47:46Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4413 The origins of the Swedish Lutheran Ministry in the South African Republic Hale, Frederick The Church of Sweden Mission established a significant presence on the Witwatersrand early in the twentieth century, but this was preceded by abortive Swedish Lutheran missionary endeavours there during the 1890s. Paul Nilsson Gullander, an erstwhile Swedish immigrant in the USA, undertook a semi-private initiative in 1898. He conducted a dual ministry to both Scandinavian immigrants and African mineworkers until forced by illness and the Second Anglo-Boer War to leave the South African Republic. Peer reviewed Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4413 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4412 In defence of children against family and community violence with a particular reference to informal settlements Molobi, Victor South Africa has a history of healthy child rearing based on African traditional values, before the coming of squatter camps. The aim of this article is to identify some historical values and incorporate them in future for child rearing in informal settlement. The article will also discuss the way informal settlement children are exposed to violence to which they are most defenseless. Violence refers not only to physical bodily harm, but also to its psychological and spiritual effects on children. It hampers the normal development of children to maturity. We argue that violence cannot be a foundation for children to cope into adulthood. It is a gruesome experience fuelled by lack of social and moral constraints resulting from factors such as poverty and lack of parental care. Areas like informal settlements where violence is rife deprive children of normal social, mental, physical and spiritual development. By way of discussion, intensifying campaigns against abuse will be described with a view to encouraging adults to be responsible and to take clear stand against child abuse. Peer reviewed Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4412 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4411 Infantilisation of the missionised Mogashoa, Humphrey The hegemony of European ideology and worldview epitomised in this case by the infantilisation of the missionised permeated both the secular and religious sphere. Infantilisation, as both a system and existence underlined the European Baptists’ attitude to mission among the natives. As a system, the Europeans’ attitude to the natives was to think and treat natives as infants perpetually in need of European guidance. Infantilisation as existence meant that the native and his or her environment were childish (backward and undeveloped). Europeans’ zeal for mission coupled with such perception of the native strengthened the belief that the infant state of the native was by divine providence as it is the same providence that affirmed the role of the European in his or her encounter with the native. Peer reviewed Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4411 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4410 Educating the body of the female child : feminisms in dialogue with Jerome(d 420) Landman, Christina At the beginning of the 5th century, Jerome sent a letter to Laeta, the daughter of his co-ascetic Paula, on how to raise a female child. Jerome, in short, views disembodiment as redemption, and therefore also as the final goal of education. In this article, different views on the embodiment of the female child are placed in dialogue with Jerome. These views are informed, mainly but not exclusively, by feminist notions of the body as expressed (1) in Body Theology, (2) in the International Resilience Project, and (3) in work on the intersection between feminisms and childhood education. Views on the education of the female child as educating her towards the embodiment of relationship, resilience and interconnectedness are put forward to invite dialogue from Jerome whose work was seminal in starting a tradition of an ‘education of disembodiment’ in the Christian tradition. Peer reviewed Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/4410 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z