https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/3034 Fri, 22 May 2026 22:53:39 GMT 2026-05-22T22:53:39Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/31938 The life of John Dunn, with special reference to Zululand 1879-1897 Shields, Charles The lives of some men are so transmogrified after death as to represent them rather as their mothers believed them to be instead of the mortals that they really were. The opposite seems to be the fate of John Dunn, whose good has been interred with his bones; for those historians who have mentioned him have not done so in the most favourable light. The reason for this is, perhaps, because their reference to him has been the briefest, and just as a photograph of, say, Victoria Falls, can never adequately reveal the awe-inspiring object it represents, so a succinct phrase seldom, if ever, shows forth the man. To date, the following extracts sum up what is thought of John Dunn. Dr Uys regards him as “the renegade John Dunn who has become a Zulu, chief, and as who (sic) was in all but name a Zulu”; further, he was that “polygamous Anglo-Zulu” who, “it is almost certain.… inspired Cetywayo…. If the diplomatic Cetywayo had stood in need of inspiration … to move against Umbandine.” Professor de Kiewiet tells us that “he was that renegade Englishman and gun-runner who lived, in the euphemistic words of Walseley, a mormon-like mode of life, with the habits of a Zulu and yet able to take his place in an officer’s mess.” Mr. Gibson, spoke of who was appointed a magistrate in Zululand in 1889, six years before Dunn's death spoke of "John Dunn, of subsequent notoriety” who had ingratiated himself….with Cetywayo. Professor Walker coupled his name with that of the “traitor Hamu” and briefly refers to him as “the gun-runner who deserted Cetywayo in his hour of need. Bishop Colenso of Natal remarked “that he Cetywayo had obtained…. firearms chiefly by the lucrative agency of Mr. John Dunn who was up till the (Zulu) war began, Cetywayo’s chief adviser although receiving $300 per annum as “Immigration Agent” of the Natal Government. The final touch to this portrait is added by the Bishop's daughter, Miss Harriet Colenso, who, reiterating her father, says, "He was for many years Tonga Emigration Agent to the Natal Government while known to be supplying the Natives with the guns wholesale. The “notorious” is an epithet that might suit him. It is rather odd that I have not been able to procure a copy of Dunns’s Book in Natal. It is called "Cetshwayo and the Three Generals” or something of that sort but was edited, and no doubt, carefully by Mister Rider Haggard. Who then was this "notorious" person who has have been so denigrated. It is the object of this essay to show John Dunn as he really was, a human being with human failings, a wise chief among both cunning and stupid ones, a beneficent father to his tribe, and one who, although badly treated by the Imperial Government served that Government both faithfully and well. At the time we hope to show his place in the South African cosmos. Sun, 01 Oct 1939 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/31938 1939-10-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/30323 The application of Ngara's linguistic format in N.F. Mbhele's short stories, "Amayezi Namathunzi" Malinga, Sizakele Sellina This study looks at the application of Ngara's linguistic format in NF Mbhele's short stories. The other linguists' theories were used to support those of Ngara. In this work we will mainly use "the linguistic features proper", since they are analysable in terms of formal linguistic descriptions. The above will be discussed as follows: Chapter 1 introduces this study, defines some technical terms and gives a short report on an interview with N.F. Mbhele. Chapter 2 discusses the development of the stylistic framework which is the pillar of our analysis. The application of Ngara's linguistic format is discussed in detail in Chapter 3. In chapter 4 we discuss the imagery. The concluding statement and suggestions for future research directions that could be undertaken, are discussed in Chapter 5. Sun, 01 Oct 2000 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/30323 2000-10-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/24956 An interest rate commission agent banking system Tessema, Ameha Tefera An interest rate commission agent banking business model was developed. It is defined as a system adopted by the bank to be an agent for investors’ loan funding to entrepreneurs getting the fund seller and buyer agreement to administer the loan after disbursement by retaining a reasonable interest rate commission from the agreed investors’ loan funding credit price. The research sought to investigate the effect of investor loan funding, credit risk and liquidity crunch, on AIRCABS sustainability and profitability. To test the viability of an interest rate commission agent banking system the researcher collected primary data using structured survey questionnaires from a sample population of 300 bank’s professionals and secondary data using twenty three years’ financial statements, which were published in the period from 1 July 1993 to June 2016, of one government bank and 15 private commercial banks in Ethiopia. To test the research hypotheses, coefficient of variation, canonical correlation and multinomial logistic regression statistical tools were employed and to analyze the survey questionnaires the Cronbach alpha, kuder-Richardson, coefficient of variation and factor analysis were used. The statistical results showed that AIRCABS was not affected by credit risk and the liquidity crunch and the increase of investor loan funding increased AIRCABS’ sustainability and profitability. Calculating the discrete market deposit interest incentive taking into account the depositor who later shifted to an investor position to get a proportionate credit price instead of a deposit interest rate on the fund already invested by the bank which later shifted to an agent position found increasing stability of money deposited by depositors. Sat, 01 Sep 2018 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/24956 2018-09-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/23498 The institutional determinants of financial development : evidence from the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Anchang, Magnus Tubuo This study provides evidence on the role of democratic institutions in fostering financial development in ten economies in the Southern African Development Community classified into three income groups from 1975 to 2013. Polity IV variables, considered as measure of democracy are applied to quantify institutions, while bank deposits, private credit and liquid liabilities proxy financial development. Initially, panel regressions are estimated using Ordinary Least Square and Instrumental Variable estimators and find evidence of a linear and non-linear association between democratic institutions and financial development. The instrumental variable regression allows for the joint endogeneity of regressors through the use of internal instruments. Evidence from panel regressions suggests that democratic institutions are positively associated with financial development for the upper middle income countries. A negative relationship is found for the lower middle and low-income countries. Applying Bayesian Vector Auto-regressions and variance decomposition of annual proxies for financial development, the study determines the most important institutional variables that account for variations in financial development. The use of Bayesian inferences mitigates estimation risk, sample bias, over-parameterisation and provides better forecasting. The results show that shocks to democratic variables positively affect financial development in the upper income countries, with substantive democracy and human capital development contributing the most towards variations in financial development while the effect is negative for the other income groups but, however, improved slightly after 1990. The Markov switching model is applied to show evidence of fragility of financial development in the Southern African Development Community region. Results from the Markov Switching Model find that the countries switch between regimes of high and low financial development following political regime changes. Countries in the lower middle and low-income groups show a greater probability of being in a regime of low financial development while the upper income countries show a higher probability of being in a state of high financial development. These probabilities improved for the lower middle and low-income groups after 1990, a period associated with increasing democratisation. The Markov findings suggest that democratic institutions may have helped promote financial development despite the inherent instability of the financial system. Therefore, it seems that appropriate government policies in strengthening democratic institutions may mitigate instability and foster financial development with the likely potential of producing long-term gains in the financial sectors for all the income groups. Thu, 01 Sep 2016 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/23498 2016-09-01T00:00:00Z