https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/2862 Tue, 06 Oct 2026 06:51:52 GMT 2026-10-06T06:51:52Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/33052 Development of guidelines for the utilization of health management information system for quality immunization service in Ethiopia Feleke Fanta Tassew Health Management Information System (HMIS) is a major source of information for estimating immunisation service coverage; however, most studies argue that the Routine Health Management Information System (RHIS) inherently produces poor-quality data, which deters its wider use. Some literature asserts that no data from any source can prove the best quality; rather, using available information to provide quality service can sustain information use, thereby achieving higher data quality. This, in turn, promotes usability; nevertheless, the nexus between quality improvement and information use is not yet established. This study was intended to develop guidelines to improve HMIS use for quality immunisation service. The Performance of Routine Information System Management-Model For Improvement (PRISM-MFI) framework, guided by an explanatory sequential design, informed the mixed-methods data collection, analysis, and interpretation. The study was conducted in 42 health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, enrolling 412 participants among health and HMIS workers. A multistage cluster, stratified with Probability Proportion to the Size (PPS) sampling, was used. Data collected through a self-administered questionnaire were entered and cleaned with EpiInfo version 7.2.5 and thoroughly analysed using SPSS for Windows 28. Qualitative strand applied Nested Criterion sampling. Data collected from nine focus group interviews composed of Information Technicians (HITs), health professionals, and health managers. Each of the categories had three groups interviewed using a thematic guide, audio recordings, and notes were manually transcribed, and codes and themes were subsequently generated using the software ATLAS.ti version 24, and were detail-analysed applying a descriptive qualitative design. Integration of findings from two studies; used a narrative joint display table to generate meta-inferences. The result revealed weak data management and data quality, hence the need to use information to ensure quality immunisation services. RHIS processes are affected by the use of hybrid, disaggregated data tools, redundant entry into the District Health Information System (DHIS2), and parallel reporting; they fail to systematically assess data quality, perform timely analysis, and interpret gaps and mitigation plans. The feedback mechanism is not constructive. The system update neglects frontline staff participation, worsening the complexity of forms, DHIS2 software, and indicators. Subpar HMIS staffing, training resources, and data use for budgeting and staff appraisal negate accountability. Data demand prioritises monitoring program output over improving service quality. Health staff lack selfreliance in interpreting and using data to evidence the design and implementation of quality initiatives. In sum, information is underused for immunisation planning, resource optimisation, supportive supervision, and community engagement in services. The interlinked guidelines were developed to address current challenges in data quality assurance and in the use of information to improve immunisation service quality. Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/33052 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/32808 Exploration of factors that contribute to police killings at Ethekwini District, Kwazulu-Natal Khathi, Nelisiwe Cecilia This study aimed to explore factors that contribute to police killings at EThekwini District focusing at Inanda and Durban Central police station in KwaZulu-Natal. The main problem that led to this study was the high number of police fatalities recorded in South Africa especially in the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). The study sought to uncover the views of SAPS members, regarding factors that contributed to police killings. As the findings have been articulated and established, the research seeks to enlighten members of the SAPS about the factors that contribute to police killings, and the reviving of police awareness on factors that contribute to police killings. This research was conducted amongst South African Police Service members. The probability sampling was utilized to select SAPS detectives which were interviewed. The researcher used the qualitative research approach and conducted semi-structured interviews using an interview schedule. The interviews were voice recorded and transcribed. The researcher then familiarized herself with the data for in-depth and perceptive analyses. Also, literature and personal experience was utilized in data collection and analysis. The findings of this study indicated that most of the factors that contribute to police killings include but are not limited to, police being killed whilst drinking in the taverns or shebeens carrying state firearms, police involvement in corruption, police behaviour, involvement with gangs and failure to wear bulletproof vests as well as lack of firearm training and physical and tactical training. Other contributory factors were found to be police officers who are involved in taxi industries as owners or as private security, or involved in illegal activities such as drug turf wars where police members are being killed during revenge attacks. The researcher has made recommendations that will assist in the fight against police killings, which include more training of police members when it comes to Section 49 of the CPA, Act 51 of 1977, physical training and creation of basic forensic courses for police members to try and enhance their skills and knowledge in the investigation of crime, as well as more workshops and refresher courses related to murder investigation as well as how police members should conduct themselves with regards to their social lives. Fri, 05 Aug 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/32808 2022-08-05T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/32299 Portrayal of death, grief, and loss in selected Sesotho poems: a formalist approach Rasenyalo, Nonhlanhla Gertrude The portrayal of death, grief, and loss in Sesotho poetry, which employs formalist theory as a theoretical framework for analysis and interpretation, is severely lacking in research. The theoretical significance of this study is to contribute to the existing body of research by examining how Basotho poets depict death, grief, and loss in their artistic literary creations, thereby highlighting the enduring power of language to explore these profound and universal aspects of human experience. In addition, the study adopted a descriptive qualitative approach underpinned by both the content and interpretative analyses. The population for this study was culled from a range of Sesotho poems as sources for data collection, with sixteen selected poems serving as a purposive sample for the current study. Since death, grief, and loss are ubiquitous human phenomena that are intensely emotional and traumatic experiences, the reader will gain the ability to interpret a poem's words in a variety of ways, including as expressions of empathy, loneliness, rage, frustration, and other emotions. This will give readers new perspectives and a profound understanding that these phenomena are universal and inevitable experiences for all humans and that confronting these themes does not alter their inevitability. Instead, it fosters a greater appreciation and acceptance of the immutability of these phenomena, treats them with respect and dignity, and teaches readers how to cope with these themes effectively. The findings and recommendations of this study will help promote Sesotho poetry among other indigenous languages as worthy of academic scrutiny, especially on the portrayal of death, grief, and loss.; Pōpo ea lefu, masoabi le tahlehelo dithothokisong tsa Sesotho, tse sebedisang mohopolo oa formalism e le motheo oa ho sekaseka le ho toloka, e sa ntse e haella haholo dipatlisisong. Bohlokoa ba thuto ena ke ho kenya letsoho dipatlisisong tse seng di le teng ka ho hlahloba kamoo dithothokiso tsa Basotho di bontšang lefu, masoabi le tahlehelo ka hara mesebetsi ea bonono, ka ho totobatsa matla a tswellang pele a puo ho hlalosa le ho vii hlakisa dintlha tse tebileng tsa bophelo ba motho. Ho feta moo, thuto ena e tla sebedisa mokgwa o hlalosang le o boleng, o tšehetsweng ke dihlahlobo tsa ditaba le tlhaloso. Sehlopha sa diphuputso se tla nkwa dibukeng tse fapaneng tsa dithothokiso tsa Sesotho, moo dithothokiso tse leshome le metso e tšeletseng di tla khethwa e le mohlala o reretsweng thuto ena. Kaha lefu, masoabi le tahlehelo ke tse ding tsa dintho tse tlwaelehileng bophelong ba batho tse amang maikutlo ka botebo le tse bohloko haholo, mmadi o tla kgona ho toloka mantswe a thothokiso ka ditsela tse fapaneng ho kenyeletsa ho bontša kutlwelo-bohloko, bohloki, kgalefo, tshitiso ea maikutlo le tse ding. Sena se tla fa babadi pono e ncha le kutloisiso e tebileng ea hore ditaba tsena ke karolo e sa qobeheng bophelong ba motho, mme hore ho tobana le tsona ha ho fetole taba ea hore dia etsahala. Ho e na le hoo, ho ruta kamohelo le teboho ea hore di ke ke tsa fetoha, ho di ananelala le ho di nka ka seriti, hape ho ruta babadi hore na ba ka sebetsana jwang le ditaba tsena ka katleho. Diphetho le ditlhahiso tsa thuto ena di tla thusa ho phahamisa dithothokiso tsa Sesotho hara dipuo tse ding tsa matsoalloa e le tse lokelang ho shejwa le ho hlahlobisiswa ka pono ea thuto, haholoholo mabapi le popo ea lefu, masoabi le tahlehelo dithothokisong Mon, 24 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/32299 2025-11-24T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/30999 Marketing and use of electronic library resource to students in technical universities in Ghana Baayel, Patrick The low utilisation of e-resources from accessible databases among students in Ghanaian technical universities (TUs) is an issue of concern for library management. Effective marketing strategies are seen as a promising solution to address the challenges posed by this limited usage of e-resources. This study aimed to explore and investigate marketing techniques that can promote the utilisation of e-resources offered by TU libraries to deserving students, thereby maximising the attainment of the intended goals. The study was underpinned by the pragmatic paradigm, where a concurrent triangulation mixed-methods design was used for the study. Data was gathered through surveys and interviews from a total sample of 727, involving 706 survey respondents and 21 interview participants. The survey data was analysed using Statistical Product and Services Solution (SPSS), version 26, and smartPLS 4 structural equation modelling of latent variables. The interview findings were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed causes of the low students’ usage of e-resources in libraries. Key among them is a lack of awareness, a lack of market, poor searching techniques, and inadequate computer devices for users. The most common methods of marketing the resources were informal and conventional marketing practices among the libraries, which are primarily print-based channels and freshman orientations. Factors that influenced the students' behavioural intentions to use the resources are marketing, awareness, the user environment, perceived relevance and ease of use, and user skills. The study suggests a coherent and structured strategy for marketing e-resources. It was established that the successful implementation of marketing campaigns will depend on the collection development policy adopted, the strategic plan that spells out the human and logistical resources, and the budgetary allocations. The proposed strategies would enhance not just the marketing of electronic resources inside Ghanaian TU libraries but also those of other Ghanaian university libraries. Libraries in other African nations with operational environments comparable to those of Ghana's TUs might also potentially adopt and implement the study's findings. Fri, 01 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/30999 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z