https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/19914 2026-08-05T07:08:58Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/32885 Investors can be confident of high credit ratings furnished by credit rating agencies for green bonds Nkwaira, Chekani The study’s pertinence lies in its focus on the performance of green bond markets in addressing environmental concerns. The purpose of this study is to ascertain if current issuances of high credit ratings by credit rating agencies can be considered safe by investors, through the consideration of the margin of safety, amidst the prevailing high credit growth. A quantitative research methodology determining the margin of safety of issuers, using operating incomes and interest expense, derived from annual financial statements of 30 randomly selected companies, which are considered adequate for inferential purposes, from the Climate Bond Initiative database is undertaken. The decline in EBIT before the balance after interest expense is paid becomes zero is ascertained in conjunction with the allocated credit rating. A sampled mean of a margin of safety of 58.79 % leads to an estimated population mean results of a margin of safety above or equal 48% and below or equal to 68.41%, at 95% confidence level and a standard deviation of 27.41%. The corresponding investment credit ratings reflect a 77% in relative frequency, of which 3.3% is assigned the highest AAA rating. The results demonstrate that it takes close to a minimum of 50% and a maximum of 68% deterioration in operating income before balances after interest expense are wiped out. Hence the study concludes that the prevailing credit ratings being issued by credit rating agencies can be trusted by green bond investors based on the substantive margin of safety figures of issuers. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/32733 The design of a gainsharing scheme for TBA Industrial Products (Pty) Ltd Johnston, Roy Ambler 1995-09-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/32622 Die Nederlandse Geloofbelydenis as 'n bedryfekonomiese instrument Swart, Maria Regina 2000-10-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/32063 Perceptions of Leadership and Culture in Private and Public Organisations: ASectoral Comparison Over FiveYears and 12 Independent Studies Grobler, Anton Leadership is regarded as essential in life, in society and in organisations. It is for this reason that this article studies leadership, in particular employees’ perceptions of leadership, with regard to social exchange and institutional (behavioural) isomorphism theories, acknowledging the contextual differences between the private and the public sectors. The purpose of the article is to compare the perceptions of employees from organisations in the private and the public sector based on 12 independent cross-sectional studies (conducted over five years). Eight leadership styles were examined, namely, authentic, empowering, ethical, servant, transformational, transactional, and ubuntu or Afrocentric leadership, and leader–member exchange. One of the studies included a measurement of organisational culture, to be brought in relation with leadership. The results of this study indicate that the employees in the private sector have a significantly better perception of leadership compared to those in the public sector (except for transactional leadership). It was further found that the two sectors differ significantly with regard to the perceived cultures, and that the cultural types are related to the perception of leadership. Recommendations are not only made in general, but also with regard to improving the perception of leadership (which has an impact on employee behaviour, attitudes and organisational performance) in the public sector, based on the findings of this study. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z