https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/29633 2026-05-05T11:49:50Z 2026-05-05T11:49:50Z Mokgatlhe, Phefo L. https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/31668 2024-09-07T05:19:53Z 2000-10-01T00:00:00Z

Grade 12 teachers' attitude towards mass-media transmitted educational supplements Mokgatlhe, Phefo L. The purpose of this research was to investigate the essence of Grade 12 teachers' attitude towards the use of Mass-Media Educational Supplements,to textbooks and teachers as well. Firstly, the study sought to examine Grade 12 teachers' use of Mass-Media in their lessons. Secondly, the study sought to determine problems Grade 12 teachers experience when they apply Mass-Media in their lessons.Lastly, the study sought to determine the cause of problems for Grade 12 teachers when applying Mass-Media. Data were collected from one school in Thabong (Welkom). Two instruments were used to collect the data. The first instrument was the questionnaire which collected primary data, and the second instrument was the interview which collected secondary data to complement the primary data collected through the questionnaires. The results have revealed that Grade 12 teachers do in fact, have a positive attitude towards having to use Mass-Media Educational Supplements. The problem lies with lack of resources at schools. and also the time clashes at school with the time for example on which The Learning Channel is being aired. This study therefore. recommends that problems with regard to the time- table and lack of resources be addressed from a higher level than the school level. and also that Mass-Media supplements being in schools, should be centrally co-ordinated. They should be just left as a loose Text in English

2000-10-01T00:00:00Z Kwasha, Linda Loretta https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/31323 2024-06-20T10:28:35Z 2002-03-01T00:00:00Z

Canons of indigenous traditions and Western values: the voice of African women writers Kwasha, Linda Loretta The study is aimed at analyzing the Canons of lndigenous Traditions and Western Values: The Voices of African Women Writers focusing in different genres written by African women writers with the exception of one book which is entitled lkamva Lethu which is written by a male author. This study examines critically the way African women writers approach the issues that affect their lives, socially, emotionally, psychologicalJy, politically, culturally and personally. This thesis attempts to delve into the reality of the concerns of women in our societies. Our analysis is based on different genres in which every topic is first and foremost being introduced by the responses from different interviewees to prove the relationship between written work and what is happening in our society. Literature review of other works researching on related issues are given consideration. Biographical details of some African women writers are provided where their background of writing is being pointed out. The term African literature is also given consideration since this study is based on the works of African women writers. A brief account of field research and how the data was collected including the conditions on which the interviews were conducted is also a part of the study. The theoretical framework where the whole study will be based has been discussed. An acclectical approach has been employed where more than one theory has been dissected. These are the theories that are going to form the base of the study; psychoanalysis where different views from different psychoanalists such as Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Lacan, Julliet Mitchell will be tested, womanism, which aimed at the unity of blacks everywhere under the enlightened control of men and women, feminism will also form part of our theoretical framework. The African traditional canons are examined where women writers are voicing out their concerns about African tradition and how women are sometimes being disadvantaged by the tradition. Western values will discuss women as individual rather than as dependent people who cannot reason about their own values instead seeing themselves being forced to accept patriarchy imposed on them. The voice of African women writers will be tested where they show their commitment in their womanhood and they wilJ tell the truth of being a woman. Beyond gender inequality explores the way in which these inequalities are being implemented and how do people and characters respond to them. This leads to the concluding remarks where the assessment of the general overview of the study will be made. The applaud is being given to the women writers who portray the courage of seeing the necessity of putting forward their feelings and how they want the world to view them as women

2002-03-01T00:00:00Z Robinson, Melanie-Jane https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/31309 2024-06-12T13:10:49Z 2002-07-01T00:00:00Z

The development and application of the signature as an identification method in the South African law Robinson, Melanie-Jane Whilst a signature is not a formality in our law in order for a valid and binding transaction to be concluded, it is invariably appended to identify the signatory, affirm the signatory's intention to append his/her signature and in so doing bind the signatory to the contents of the document. South African law has rarely found it necessary to define what is meant by a signature, never legislating it but rather dealing with it on an ad hoc basis. New signature methods are dealt with analogously with the ways in which traditional manuscript signatures have previously been treated by our law. Section A deals with the traditional manuscript signature with regards to the form it assumes as well as the functions it must fulfil. The uses of the traditional signature and its areas of application are identified. It is established that a signature does not have to be a signatory's name but can take the from of a mark, be it a seal, rubber stamp and so on, as long as it is made with the intention of signifying assent to the document. The traditional manuscript signature has played an extensive role in banking law and an extensive discussion is thus necessary. As our society becomes less reliant on paper, businesses have been slow to embrace electronic commerce which in part is due to the perception that electronic commercial transactions are not secure. However, the increasingly widespread use of electronic communications demands a reassessment of what constitutes a valid signature. Section B exammes the forms of the electronic signature. An orientation of such forms is necessary to provide the reader with a general introduction into what constitutes an electronic signature before embarking on a lengthy discussion of each form, namely PINs and passwords, biometric identification and digital signatures. PINs and passwords serve to identify and bind the signatory and are thus deemed to be electronic signatures. A heavier reliance is thus placed on the functions that they perform. Biometric identification, as a form of electronic signature, refers to the automatic identification of an individual based on his/her physiological or behavioural traits, in an electronic environment. Biometrics is a recent technological advancement which is gaining more impetus daily. Each biometric technology is discussed, including fingerprinting, hand geometry and keystroke dynamics, as well as their performance as a technology and their respective applications. It is felt that these technologies have the ability to impinge on a person's basic fundamental rights. This latter constitutional aspect thus forms an integral part of the discussion and analysis. Digital signatures provide a secure means of concluding transactions over the Internet, while ensuring the integrity and authenticity of the information to which they correspond. It serves the same purpose as a traditional signature in that it allows the recipient of a digitally signed communication to determine whether the communication was changed after it was digitally signed. Thus the recipient knows the communication came from the sender albeit that it takes a different form. As it is also a relatively new technology, a detailed discussion is expedient and a multidisciplinary approach has to be adopted. The way in which a digital signature operates, as well as where it comes from ( cryptography) is discussed to assist the reader in understanding the difficult technological concepts. The areas of application areas are extensively investigated as South Africa has no legislation regulating electronic commerce and thus has to rely on existing legislation. An investigation is made into how these laws (which relate to the physical world) can be used to regulate cyberspace. Thus the development of the law relating to traditional manuscript signatures and other forms of signature, used for hard copy documents, is examined, tracing the move in judicial and legislative thinking from an approach that basically placed emphasis on form to one which is more reliant on the function which a signature performs. Vlll Section C deals with an examination of electronic signature law as a vehicle for advancing electronic commerce, already applied in various foreign countries. Herein the viability of electronic commerce legislation in South Africa is explored, and the approach which should be adopted in South Africa in order to ensure that it does not stifle e-commerce is analysed. In March 2002, the South African legislature introduced the Electronic Communications and Transaction Bill of 2002, which attempts to regulate such issues. Mention is made of the Bill throughout this dissertation and it is foreseen that such reference is necessary as it is in all likelihood to be passed as legislation, despite contentious objections. In this dissertation the conclusion is reached that a signature, as a legal concept, bears no relationship to the popular understanding of a name on paper in the signatory's own handwriting. A signature is not a 'thing', but a process. If that process produces sufficient evidence that a person has adopted a document as his/her own, and that document before the court is the same document to which the process was applied, then the document has been signed in legal terms. It is irrelevant whether the result of the process is a visible name, symbol, or a logical alteration of information content, as long as it provides sufficient evidence of the transaction .

2002-07-01T00:00:00Z Chirwa, Gift https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/31308 2024-06-14T10:17:13Z 2023-08-10T00:00:00Z

An analysis of South Africa's manufacturing sector export potential using the Growth Identification and Facilitation Framework (GIFF) Chirwa, Gift Increased world trade has enhanced competition between manufacturers globally across countries. However, over the past 20 years, the manufacturing industry's share in South Africa's GDP, employment, and exports has been waning. In the wake of these changes, this study seeks to identify the potential export products of the South African manufacturing industry. Further, this study seeks to identify the sector's main constraining factors and suggest mitigation policies. To this end, the Growth Identification and Facilitation Framework (GIFF) is utilised. This is an industrial development approach that identifies other countries with similar economic endowments as South Africa whose manufacturing sectors and exports have grown relatively faster over the 20 years between 1998 and 2018, but which now have lost that export competitiveness. It is envisioned that if the benchmark countries can grow manufacturing export competitiveness relatively faster than South Africa by exporting these products, then South Africa may realize similar success by trailing their manufacturing sector and targeting similar goods for export. Utilising the GIFF, this study identifies Vietnam, India and China as the benchmark countries and uses the Normalised Revealed Comparative Advantage (NRCA) index on 200 manufacturing sub-sectorial export data to determine the competitiveness of these subsectors from 1998 to 2018. A total of 24 manufacturing subsectors from the benchmark countries are identified for South Africa’s production focus. In addition, this study identifies scaling-up potential in subsectors where South Africa exhibits fast export growth through gaining more competitiveness in the export market. A total of 37 of the 199 South African manufacturing subsectors were found to be competitive as at 2018 and are forecast to remain competitive through to 2023. However, while 15 manufacturing subsectors were not found competitive, their NRCA has been increasing such that they are forecast to attain competitiveness by 2023. Of the 33 subsectors identified as labour-intensive and resource-intensive manufactures, the study found a general increase in imports of natural resource manufacturers, 25 of the 33 subsectors did not show any export competitiveness from 2000 to 2018 and neither are they forecast to gain it. Consequently, the lack of export competitiveness of these sectors may instead justify their importation as necessary raw materials for South Africa. However, within the list, South Africa possesses the capability to manufacture certain goods locally. The study finds that rising wages in the benchmark countries presents an opportunity for South Africa to attract labour-intensive firms that seek new, low-cost production locations. However, while South Africa had the lowest electricity costs prior to 2017, from 2018 electricity costs for South Africa became the second highest among these countries which now suggests that other constraints may have limited the improvement of manufacturing competitiveness prior 2017. Compared with its benchmark countries, South Africa had the highest real interest rate in 2018, representing the highest cost of borrowing for manufacturers. The current sunset industries of China, India and Vietnam have potential to be South Africa’s sunrise industries that can improve locally manufactured exports and create local employment. This study concludes by recommending that South Africa improves the quality and policies governing exports, and that it addresses the constraints of interest rates, labour, and electricity costs (amongst other factors) to safeguard and strengthen the dynamics that enable South Africa’s competitive subsectors.; Nakuba ukwanda kohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kukhuphule ukuncintisana phakathi kwabakhiqizi emhlabeni jikelele, kule minyaka engama-20 edlule, isabelo semboni yezokukhiqiza ku-GDP yaseNingizimu Afrika, ukuqashwa kanye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe besilokhu sincipha. Ngemuva kwalezi zinguquko, lolu cwaningo luhlose ukuhlonza imikhiqizo engase ibe khona embonini yokukhiqiza yaseNingizimu Afrika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu cwaningo luhlose ukuhlonza izici ezingqala eziyisithiyo kulo mkhakha futhi luphakamise nezinqubomgomo zokunciphisa lokhu. Kuze kube manje, kusetshenziswa i-Growth Identification and Facilitation Framework (GIFF). I-GIFF iyindlela yokuthuthukisa izimboni ehlonza amanye amazwe anekhono lezomnotho elifana nelaseNingizimu Afrika futhi imboni yawo yezokukhiqiza kanye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kukhule ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa phakathi neminyaka engama-20 phakathi kunyaka we-1998 nowezi-2018 kodwa manje aselahlekelwe yilelo khono lokuncintisana kwamanye amazwe. Kucatshangwa ukuthi uma amazwe okulinganisa angakhulisa ukuncintisana kwezokukhiqiza ngokushesha kuneNingizimu Afrika ngokuthumela le mikhiqizo emazweni angaphandle, iNingizimu Afrika ingase ithole impumelelo efanayo ngokulandela umkhakha wawo wokukhiqiza futhi iqondise izimpahla ezifanayo ezizothunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Kusetshenziswa i-GIFF, lolu cwaningo luhlonza iVietnam, Indiya kanye neShayina njengamazwe okulinganisa futhi lisebenzisa inkomba ye-NRCA ye-Normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage (NRCA) kudatha yokukhiqiza enga-200 yokuthekelisa engaphansi ukuze kutholwe ukuncintisana kwalezi zigaba ezingaphansi kusukela ngonyaka we-1998 kuya kowezi-2018. Isamba sezigatshana zokukhiqiza ezingama-24 emazweni okulinganiswa ahlonzwe ukuze iNingizimu Afrika igxile ekukhiqizeni. Ukwengeza, lolu cwaningo luhlonza amandla okukhula emikhakheni engaphansi lapho iNingizimu Afrika ikhombisa ukukhula okusheshayo kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngokuzuza ukuncintisana okwengeziwe emakethe yokuthekelisa. Isamba esingama-37 kweziyi-199 zezimboni zezokukhiqiza zaseNingizimu Afrika ezitholwe zikwazi ukuncintisana ngonyaka wezi-2018 futhi kubikezelwe ukuthi zizoqhubeka nokuncintisana kuze kube ngunyaka wezi-2023. Izigatshana eziyi-15 zokukhiqiza zitholakale zingakwazi ukuncintisana, nokho, i-NRCA yazo ibilokhu ikhula kangangokuthi kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ukuncintisana ngonyaka wezi-2023. Ezigabeni ezingaphansi ezingama-33 ezihlonzwe njengabakhiqizi abasebenza kakhulu nabasebenzisa izinsizakusebenza, izigaba ezingaphansi ezingama-25 kwezingama-33 ezingabonisi noma yikuphi ukuncintisana kokuthekelisa phakathi konyaka wezi-2000 nowezi-2018 futhi azibikezeli ukuthi zizokuzuza. Ngakho-ke, ukuntuleka kokuncintisana kwamanye amazwe kwalezi zinkampani kungase kuthethelele ukungenisa kwazo izimpahla zokusetshenziswa ezidingekayo eNingizimu Afrika. Kodwa-ke, iNingizimu Afrika inamandla okwenza kuleli lizwe izimpahla ezithile ohlwini lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe Ucwaningo luthola ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zikagesi kanye nenzalo ephezulu yangempela yizingqinamba emkhakheni wezokukhiqiza wezwe. Izimboni zamanje zokushona kwelanga eShayina, eNdiya naseVietnam zinamandla okuba izimboni zaseNingizimu Afrika eziphuma ngaphandle, zithuthukise ukuthengiswa okukhiqizwa kuleli kanye nokudala amathuba omsebenzi akuleli. Lolu cwaningo luphetha ngokuncoma ukuthi iNingizimu Afrika kufanele ithuthukise izinga kanye nezinqubomgomo ezilawula ukuthunyelwa kwayo emazweni angaphandle, nokuthi kufanele ibhekane nezingqinamba zentela yenzuzo, izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nogesi (phakathi kwezinye izinto) ukuze kuvikelwe futhi kuqinise amandla okwenza iNingizimu Afrika ibe nokuncintisana kwezigaba; Nangona urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ehlabathi lwandise ukhuphiswano phakathi kwabarhwebi behlabathi kule minyaka ingama-20 idluleyo, isabelo sabarhwebi baseMzantsi Afrika kwiGDP siya sisihla. Ngenxa yezi nguqu, esi sifundo sifuna ukuchonga iimveliso zorhwebo loMzantsi Afrika ezinokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ngaphezulu, esi sifundo sifuna ukuchonga izinto ezibambezela urhwebo, emva koko sicebise ngeenkqubo ezinokuba luncedo. Ukuze kuphunyezwe ezo ngcebiso, kusetyenziswe isakhelo sokusebenza esaziwa ngokuba yiGrowth Identification and Facilitation Framework (GIFF). Le GIFF yindlela yophuhliso echonga amanye amazwe anemithombo yezoqoqosho efanayo neyoMzantsi Afrika, mazwe lawo anamacandelo okuvelisa nokuthumela kumazwe ehlabathi akhule ngokukhawuleza kule minyaka idluleyo ingama-20 nebiphakathi kweminyaka ye-1998 kunye nama-2018 ekubonakala ukuba ngoku liyehla izinga lokhuphiswano phakathi kwaloo mazwe. Kukholelwa ukuba xa la mazwe achongiweyo enokukhulisa izinga lokhuphiswano ngokukhawuleza okudlula uMzantsi Afrika ekuthumeleni iimveliso zawo kwihlabathi liphela, uMzantsi Afrika unganempumelelo ekulandeleni loo macandelo amanye amazwe, nawo uzame ukuthumela iimveliso ezifanayo kumazwe ehlabathi Ngokusebenzisa iGIFF, esi sifundo sichonge iVietnam, i-India kunye neChina njengamazwe othelekiso, sabuya sasebenzisa isalathisi esiyiNormalised Revealed Comparative Advantage (NRCA) sengxelo yokuthunyelwa kweemveliso ezingama-200 kumazwe ehlabathi phakathi kweminyaka ye-1998 nama-2018 ngenjongo yokuqwalasela amandla okukhuphisana kula macandelo. Angama-24 ewonke amacandelo okuvelisa achongiweyo kula mazwe othelekiso, ngenjongo yokuqwalasela ukuvelisa koMzantsi Afrika. Ngaphaya koko, esi sifundo sichonge Amandla okuziphucula kumacandelo apho uMzantsi Afrika ubonakalisa ukukhawuleza kokukhula ekuthumeleni iimveliso ehlabathini ngokuthi ukhulise ukhuphiswano kwimarike yokuthumela iimveliso kwihlabathi ngokubanzi. Angama-37 kwi-199 amacandelo oMzantsi Afrika afumaniseka enokhuphiswano ngonyaka wama-2018, nekwaqikelelwa ukuba aya kuhlala enjalo de kube ngowama-2023. Amacandelo okuvelisa ali-15 afumaniseka engenalo ukhuphiswano, noxa kunjalo iNRCA yawo iyakhula, kangangokuba kuqikelelwa ukuba amandla awo okhuphiswano aya kuba ekhule ngokwaneleyo ngowama-2023. Kumacandelo angama-33 achongwe njengalawo asebenzisa nzima nafuna imithombo emininzi, angama-25 akabonisanga mandla okhuphiswano phakathi kweminyaka yama-2000 neyama-2018 kwaye akuqikelelwa ukuba angakhula loo mandla okhuphiswano. Ngoko ke, ukungabikho kwamandla okhuphiswano kula macandelo, ekuthumeleni iimveliso kwihlabathi kungasisizathu esivakalayo sokubizela ngaphakathi imithombo ekrwada yokuxhasa ukuvelisa eMzantsi Afrika. Noxa kunjalo, uMzantsi Afrika unawo Amandla okuvelisa iimveliso ezithile ezikuluhlu lwezo zidweliselwe ukubizelwa ngaphakathi. Esi sifundo sifumanise ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ombane nawenzala yeebhanki kuyimiqobo ekukhuleni kwecandelo lorhwebo. Urhwebo olukhoyo lweemveliso eziphelelwayo (olwaziwa ngokuba yisunset industries) eChina, eIndia naseVietnam lunakho ukukhokelela kurhwebo lweemveliso eziphelelwayo eMzantsi Afrika, lukhulise ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweemveliso ezenziwe apha ekhaya, ludale namathuba engqesho. Esi sifundo sivala ngokucebisa ukuba uMzantsi Afrika mawuphucule umgangatho nemigaqo nkqubo elawula ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweemveliso zawo, kwaye kufuneka uqwalasele imiqobo edalwa sisantya senzala yeebhanki, iindleko zokusebenza nezombane (phakathi kweminye imiba) ukwenzela ukuba ikhusele kwaye yomeleze imibandela eguquguqukayo ekhulisa amandla okhuphiswano kumacandelo orhwebo eMzantsi Afrika.

2023-08-10T00:00:00Z