https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/2740 2026-04-07T10:35:20Z 2026-04-07T10:35:20Z Otchere, Jonathan Asante https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/30117 2023-06-01T07:50:47Z 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z

Madness in Greek tragedy : a critique of some selected extant plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides Otchere, Jonathan Asante Madness features prominently in Greek tragedy. Indeed, the theme of madness, its treatment and dramatic illustration contribute to the aim of this genre, which Aristotle identifies as the arousal and the purgation of pity and fear. In this thesis, the existence of two categories of madness: tragic and non-tragic madness, is proposed, and the argument is advanced that both are a consequence of the circumstances of the hero. In this regard, the view is put forward that whereas tragic madness is consistent with the hamartia principle, which accords no moral depravity to the madness that consumes the hero, the hubristic principle by contrast does indeed attach moral depravity to the calamity (madness) that befalls the hero, which is also consistent with non-tragic madness. Based on this premise, the study supports a comparison of the tragedians’ notion of madness and proposes a synthesis of the notion of madness and its treatment in Greek tragedy. To achieve this, an integration is recommended of the psychoanalytic and the socio-psychological theories or methodologies in the interpretation and critique of the either tragic or non-tragic madness of Aeschylus’ Orestes in The Choephori, Sophocles’ Ajax in Ajax and Euripides’ Heracles, Orestes and Pentheus in Heracles, Orestes and The Bacchae respectively. The integration of the psychoanalytic and the socio-psychological theories in the interpretation of the either tragic or non-tragic madness of the heroes mentioned seeks to prove that madness in ancient Greek tragedy may be appropriated from or for psychoanalytic and/or socio-psychological functions or purposes.; La folie occupe une place preponderante dans la tragedie grecque. En effet, le theme de la folie, son traitement et son illustration dramatique contribuent a la visee de ce genre, qu'Aristote identifie comme l'eveil et la purge de la pitie et de la peur. Dans cette these, l'existence de deux categories de folie : la folie tragique et la folie non tragique, est proposee, et l'argument est avance que les deux sont une consequence des circonstances du heros. A cet egard, l'opinion est avancee que si la folie tragique est compatible avec le principe de l'hamartia, qui n'accorde aucune depravation morale a la folie qui consume le heros, le principe hubristique en revanche attache en effet la depravation morale a la calamite (folie) qui arrive au heros, ce qui est egalement compatible avec la folie non tragique. Partant de ce postulat, l'etude soutient une comparaison de la notion de folie chez les tragediens et propose une synthese de la notion de folie et de son traitement dans la tragedie grecque. Pour y parvenir, une integration est recommandee des theories ou methodologies psychanalytiques et socio-psychologiques dans l'interpretation et la critique de la folie tragique ou non tragique d'Oreste d'Eschyle dans Les Choephori, d'Ajax de Sophocle dans Ajax et d'Heracles d'Euripide, Oreste et Penthee dans Heracles, Oreste et Les Bacchantes respectivement. L'integration des theories psychanalytique et socio-psychologique dans l'interpretation de la folie tragique ou non tragique des heros mentionnes cherche a prouver que la folie dans la tragedie grecque antique peut être appropriee a partir ou pour des fonctions psychanalytiques et/ou socio-psychologiques ou a des fins.; Raserny neem ʼn belangrike plek in die Griekse tragedie in. Die tema van raserny en die verwerking en dramatiese toeligting daarvan strook met die doel van hierdie genre, wat volgens Aristoteles die opwekking en suiwering van deernis en vrees is. In hierdie proefskrif word twee kategorieë van raserny voorgestel, te wete tragiese en nietragiese raserny, en word betoog dat albei die gevolg van die held se omstandighede is. Daar word aangevoer dat tragiese raserny met die beginsel van hamartia ooreenstem, want dit heg geen morele ontaarding aan die raserny wat die held verteer nie. Die beginsel van hubris, daarenteen, heg inderdaad morele ontaarding aan die rampspoed (raserny) wat die held tref, en vind eweneens aansluiting by nietragiese raserny. Op grond van hierdie premis word die treurspelskrywers se siening van raserny vergelyk, en word ʼn samevatting van die verwerking van die rasernygedagte in die Griekse tragedie voorgestel. Met die oog hierop word aanbeveel dat die psigoanalitiese en sosio-psigologiese teorieë of metodologieë saamgevoeg word vir die interpretasie en kritiese beskouing van die tragiese of nietragiese raserny van Aischulos se Orestes in Die Choephori, Sofokles se Ajax in Ajax en Euripedes se Herakles, Orestes en Penteus in onderskeidelik Herakles, Orestes en Die Bacchae. Met die samevoeging van die psigoanalitiese en sosio-psigologiese teorieë om die tragiese of nietragiese raserny van die bogenoemde helde te interpreteer, word gepoog om te bewys dat raserny in die antieke Griekse tragedie toegeëien kan word met of vir psigoanalitiese en/of sosio-psigologiese funksies of oogmerke.; Insangano ibuvelele kakhulu enhlekeleleni yamaGrikhi. Ngempela, indikimba yensangano, ukwelashwa kwayo kanye nomfanekiso omangazayo kunomthelela enhlosweni yalesi sigaba sombhalo, lapho u-Aristotle asikhomba njengokuvusa nokuhlanzwa kwesihawu nokwesaba. Kulo mqondo, ukuba khona kwezigaba ezimbili zensangano: insangano eyinhlekelele nekungeyona inhlekelele, kuyaphakanyisiwe, futhi impikiswano isithuthukisiwe ukuthi zozimibili ziyimiphumela yezimo zeqhawe. Mayelana nalokhu, kubekwa phambili umbono wokuthi insangano eyinhlekelele ihambisana nesimiso sokukhombisa iphutha lomlingiswa elibuhlungu noma elibulalayo, esingavumelani nokonakala kokuziphatha ensanganweni edla iqhawe, isimiso sokwezethemba ngokweqile ngokuqhathanisa sinamathisela ukonakala kokuziphatha enhlekeleleni (insangano) eyehlela iqhawe, nayo ehambisana nensangano engeyona inhlekelele. Ngokuya ngaleli qophelo, isifundo sisekela ukuqhathaniswa komqondo wezinhlekelele zensangano futhi siphakamisa ukuhlanganiswa komqondo wensangano nokwelashwa kwayo enhlekeleleni yamaGrikhi. Ukufeza lokhu, kuphakanyiswa ukuhlanganiswa kombono wohlelo lwezengqondo nokwelapha ohlose ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kanye nemibono yezenhlalo nezengqondo noma izindlela ekuhumusheni nasekuhlaziyweni kwensangano eyinhlekelele noma kwensangano okungeyona inhlekelele ka-Aeschylus 'Orestes ku-The Choephori, iSophocles' Ajax ku-Ajax kanye ne-Euripides 'Heracles, Orestes nePentheus ku-Heracles, Orestes neBacchae ngokulandelana. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemibono yohlelo lwezengqondo nokwelapha ehlose ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kanye nemibono yezenhlalo nezengqondo ekuhumusheni kwensangano eyinhlekelele noma kwensangano okungeyona inhlekelele yamaqhawe okukhulunywe ngawo kufuna ukufakazela ukuthi insangano enhlekeleleni yamaGrikhi asendulo kungabiwa kusuka emibonweni yohlelo lwezengqondo nokwelapha ehlose ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kanye noma emisebenzini noma ezinhlosweni zezenhlalo nezengqondo. English, French, Afrikaans and Zulu abstracts

2023-04-01T00:00:00Z Nel, Jozef Johannes https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/28083 2021-10-07T09:26:58Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Urbanization and land cultivation: a two-way relationship with Romanization in North Africa, 146 BC - AD 429 Nel, Jozef Johannes There is an extensive academic debate confirming the extent and nature of Romanization in relation to native North Africans. This refers specifically to the period during which this area was under Roman control (2nd century BC - 5th century AD). This study attempted to answer the following question: What was the exact nature of the relationship between Roman governance, urbanization, land cultivation, and Romanization? A number of secondary questions relating to pre-Roman groups and climate change, as well as the psychological concept of groupthink were also addressed. Use was made of primary and secondary sources, both archaeological and literary. Deductive and inductive reasoning was used in relation to a literary-historical analysis-based methodology. It was found that urbanization and land cultivation not only caused an increase in Romanization, but that a relationship existed between these factors leading to each causing the other’s increase. It was found that Romanization was widespread. Bibliography: leaves 83-92

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Ntita, Samuel Beya https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/26668 2020-09-22T11:54:32Z 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z

Proces d'alienation de l'intellectuel dans les romans sub-Saharaiens Francophones : Xala D'O. sembene, le pacte de Sang de P.N. Nkashama et L'Histoire du fou de M. Beti Ntita, Samuel Beya Au lendemain des indépendances africaines, les écrivains tentent de dénoncer, sinon l’aliénation des intellectuels, du moins ce que le peuple désignait sous ce terme dans les excolonies françaises et belges. Le recours fréquent, dans la construction du récit, à la thématique de la faute de l’intellectuel se présente comme résultat d’un manquement au rôle qui lui revient. Pour mener à bien notre enquête, la théorie utilisée est l’Analyse de contenu thématique (A.C.T.) de Pierre Lannoy. Ce modèle aidera à cerner tout ce qui menace l’équilibre de l’édifice social. Cependant l’étude de l’aliénation des intellectuels a montré que l’émergence d’une crise semblable relève d’une série de causes complexes. Sa compréhension fait appel à de multiples champs scientifiques : sociologie, psychologie, économie, […] La seule solution est le compromis pour tous. C’est une vaine prétention que de vouloir établir ici un bilan exhaustif : l’étude de l’image de l’intellectuel ne peut qu’être évolutive.; In the aftermath of African independence, writers tried to denounce, if not the alienation of intellectuals, at least what people meant by this term in the former French and Belgian colonies. Frequent recourse to the theme of the fault of the intellectual in the construction of the narrative is presented as the result of a failure to fulfil the role that was assigned to him. To carry out our investigation, the theory used is Pierre Lannoy's Thematic Content Analysis (T.C.A.). This model will help to identify anything that threatens the balance of the social edifice. However, the study of the alienation of intellectuals has shown that the emergence of a similar crisis is due to a series of complex causes. Its understanding involves multiple scientific fields: sociology, psychology, economics, [...] The only solution is compromise for all. It is a vain claim to want to establish an exhaustive assessment here: the study of the image of the intellectual can only be evolutionary. Text in French, with abstracts in French and English

2019-05-01T00:00:00Z Meyer, Roléne https://ir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/26562 2020-08-20T12:55:30Z 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Ut pictura poesis: kleur en teks in die latynse poesie van die Eerste Eeu vC met spesiale verwysing na Die Georgica van Vergilius Meyer, Roléne Aangesien die konsep van kleur vaag en abstrak is, verskil die ervaring én beskrywing daarvan van individu tot individu en van kultuur tot kultuur. Aldus word die waarneem van kleur dikwels ʼn persoonlike en subjektiewe ervaring. In die geval van historiese tale, egter, is die uitdaging om kleurbeskrywing korrek oor te dra, nie sielkundig of esteties van aard nie, maar kultureel, aangesien daar onderliggend aan hierdie tale ʼn unieke linguistiese sisteem gekoppel is. So byvoorbeeld moet die ontleding van Latynse kleurwoorde en die toewysing van relevante betekenismoontlikhede op ʼn besondere wyse aan die Afrikaanse idioom geanker word, sonder om die uniekheid van elk van hierdie tale in te boet. Dit is gevolglik die taak van die navorser om moderne wetenskaplike beskouings oor kleuraanwending met sensitiwiteit en oordeelkundig op die antieke kleursisteme toe te pas. Die bestudering van kleur en kleurgebruik in die Oudheid was vir ʼn lang tyd in omstredenheid gehul. Navorsing in hierdie verband het aanvanklik slegs op die tegniese en argeologiese aspekte van kleurproduksie en -gebruik in die Griekse en Romeinse kuns en argitektuur gefokus. Daarenteen is teoretiese kwessies oor die funksie van kleur in die non-tegniese, estetiese letterkunde selde aangespreek, veral weens die invloed van linguisties-semantiese en kleur-psiogologiese vraagstukke. In hierdie proefskrif val die kollig op Vergilius se keuse en aanwending van dié kleurterme wat beide eksplisiet en implisiet in die Georgica voorkom. Aangesien ʼn sinvolle analise van hierdie digter se kleurgebruik nie tot die Georgica beperk kan word nie, moet die ooreenstemmende terme nie net in sy Eclogae en Aeneïs nie, maar ook in die werke van sy voorgangers, die digters Lucretius en Catullus, betrek word. Uit ʼn beperkte omvang selekteer en gebruik Vergilius kleurwoorde met ʼn delikate presisie van betekenis. Hoewel die stelselmatige ontleding van hierdie terme se betekenismoontlikhede kontekstueel beperk is, toon hierdie benadering in watter mate Vergilius innoverend en verbeeldingryk voorkom. Hierdie inligting dien vervolgens as parateks vir die studie wat volg: Vergilius se gebruik van kleurterme deur die verloop van die vier boeke van die Georgica met die fokus op die letterkundige impak en literêre effekte wat deurgaans as ‘eg Vergiliaans’ beoordeel kan word. . Sou hierdie kleurterme geïgnoreer of net nie raakgelees word nie, kan die leser nie daarop aanspraak maak dat die Georgica waarlik verstaan word nie. Dit is dus die doel van hierdie navorsing om die leser toe te rus met middele tot die vind van ʼn dieper insig in en groter waardering vir hierdie werk as uitnemende poësie.; Since the concept of colour is vague and abstract, the perception of colour differs from individual to individual and from culture to culture to become a highly personal and subjective experience. In the case of historical languages, however, the description of colour is challenging. Conveying colour description correctly is not a psychological or aesthetic exercise, but cultural, as each language has a unique underlying linguistic sensitivity. Consequently, in this dissertation which is written in Afrikaans, the analysis of Latin colour words must be anchored to the Afrikaans idiom in such a unique way as not to detract from the differences in cultural feel between these two languages. Therefore, and in spite of obvious differences, it is the task of the researcher to apply modern scientific views discerningly and sensitively to any ancient colour system. The study of colour and its application in antiquity has long been controversial. Initially research on these aspects of Greek and Roman societies focused only on the technical and archaeological aspects of colour production and its application in their art and architecture. In the wide array of theories regarding linguistic-semantic issues, colour-psychology and also colour aesthetics, theoretical issues regarding the function of colour in non-technical (‘literary’) works were rarely addressed, This dissertation focuses on those colour terms which Vergil uses both explicitly and implicitly in the Georgica. A meaningful analysis of this poet's use of colour must of necessity also include the application of the corresponding terms in his Eclogae and Aeneid, as well as those in the works of his poetic predecessors, Lucretius and Catullus. Selected from a limited range, Vergil applies colour words with a delicate precision of meaning. Although the systematic analysis of these words indicates a range of meaning which can be contextually limited, this approach highlights Vergil’s innovative and imaginative use of colour. With these findings as basis the focus shifts to the consecutive use of colour terms throughout the four books to indicate extraordinary and innovative literary effects which can only be described as ‘thoroughly Vergilian’. If these colour strategies were to escape the reader’s attention, it would result in a poorer understanding of the poem. It is therefore the purpose of this research to equip readers with strategies that will lead to a greater appreciation of the Georgics as exceptional poetry. Abstracts in Afrikaans and English

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z